{
 "slug": "mars-3",
 "name": "MARS 3",
 "type": "system",
 "aliases": [
  "MARS 3",
  "MARS III",
  "EuroPULS"
 ],
 "coverage": [
  {
   "date": "2026-04-19T23:32:42.000+02:00",
   "slug": "grosswald-curated-no-34-adversary-pricing-delivery-patterns-insurance-gates",
   "title": "Großwald Curated No. 34 — Adversary pricing, delivery patterns, insurance gates",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/grosswald-curated-no-34-adversary-pricing-delivery-patterns-insurance-gates/",
   "type": "curated"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-04-12T23:16:42.000+02:00",
   "slug": "grosswald-curated-no-33-hegemony-under-stress",
   "title": "Großwald Curated No. 33 — Hegemony under stress",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/grosswald-curated-no-33-hegemony-under-stress/",
   "type": "curated"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-04-05T23:07:21.000+02:00",
   "slug": "grosswald-curated-no-32-hormuz-energy-in-some-ways-worse-than-nato",
   "title": "Großwald Curated No. 32 — Hormuz, energy &  'in some ways worse than NATO'",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/grosswald-curated-no-32-hormuz-energy-in-some-ways-worse-than-nato/",
   "type": "curated"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-04-02T23:00:56.000+02:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-30-forty-countries-zero-warships-2-april-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 30 ·  Forty countries, zero warships  ·  2 April 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-30-forty-countries-zero-warships-2-april-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-30T23:19:07.000+02:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-27-papperger-is-structurally-correct-30-march-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 27  ·  Papperger is structurally correct  ·  30 March 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-27-papperger-is-structurally-correct-30-march-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-29T23:13:50.000+02:00",
   "slug": "grosswald-curated-no-31-shrinking-euro-itar-free-roe-trap",
   "title": "Großwald Curated No. 31 — Shrinking Euro, ITAR-free,  Baltic ROE-Trap",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/grosswald-curated-no-31-shrinking-euro-itar-free-roe-trap/",
   "type": "curated"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-27T23:12:04.000+01:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-26-german-israeli-rocket-artillery-27-march-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 26 · German-Israeli rocket artillery · 27 March 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-26-german-israeli-rocket-artillery-27-march-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-27T22:56:23.000+01:00",
   "slug": "europuls-mars3-germany-scales-rocket-artillery",
   "title": "EuroPULS: Germany scales a parallel rocket artillery architecture in Europe",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/europuls-mars3-germany-scales-rocket-artillery/",
   "type": "article"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-23T23:05:45.000+01:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-22-ukrainian-interceptor-drones-and-german-shorad-23-march-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 22   ·  Ukrainian interceptor drones and German SHORAD ·  23 March 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-22-ukrainian-interceptor-drones-and-german-shorad-23-march-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-08T23:00:59.000+01:00",
   "slug": "grosswald-curated-no-28-two-wars-bases-energy-orbans-safe-carve-out",
   "title": "Großwald Curated No. 28 — Two Wars: Bases, Energy, Orbán's SAFE Carve-Out?",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/grosswald-curated-no-28-two-wars-bases-energy-orbans-safe-carve-out/",
   "type": "curated"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-05T23:00:30.000+01:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-10-europes-two-wars-now-share-a-supply-chain-5-march-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 10 · Europe's two wars now share a supply chain · 5 March 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-10-europes-two-wars-now-share-a-supply-chain-5-march-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  },
  {
   "date": "2026-03-04T23:00:00.000+01:00",
   "slug": "signal-no-9-iranian-ballistic-missile-over-turkey-does-not-trigger-article-5-4-march-2026",
   "title": "Signal No. 9  ·  Iranian ballistic missile over Turkey does not trigger Article 5  ·  4 March 2026",
   "url": "https://www.grosswald.org/signal-no-9-iranian-ballistic-missile-over-turkey-does-not-trigger-article-5-4-march-2026/",
   "type": "signal"
  }
 ],
 "last_covered": "2026-04-19T23:32:42.000+02:00",
 "co_occurring": [
  {
   "slug": "germany",
   "count": 12
  },
  {
   "slug": "spain",
   "count": 12
  },
  {
   "slug": "bundeswehr",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "rheinmetall",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "nato",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "ukraine",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "france",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "poland",
   "count": 11
  },
  {
   "slug": "netherlands",
   "count": 10
  },
  {
   "slug": "italy",
   "count": 10
  },
  {
   "slug": "knds",
   "count": 10
  },
  {
   "slug": "russia",
   "count": 10
  },
  {
   "slug": "fcas",
   "count": 10
  },
  {
   "slug": "united-kingdom",
   "count": 9
  },
  {
   "slug": "dassault-aviation",
   "count": 8
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/dozens-countries-discuss-coalition-secure-passage-through-strait-hormuz-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "40+ country Hormuz coalition virtual summit, Cooper chairs, US absent"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/world/macron-says-it-is-unrealistic-open-hormuz-strait-by-force-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Macron says military Hormuz option 'unrealistic', multi-phase process"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/hopes-dim-swift-end-iran-war-after-trump-speech-oil-prices-surge-anew-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Trump speech offers no timeline, Brent +7% to ~$108/bbl"
  },
  {
   "source": "Al Jazeera",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/2/uk-led-coalition-of-35-countries-vows-action-on-hormuz-strait-gridlock",
   "context": "UK-led 35-country coalition vows action on Hormuz gridlock"
  },
  {
   "source": "Financial Times",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.ft.com/content/d304071a-ca97-4b3b-be93-ff880a6645c3",
   "context": "FT: Trump threatened Ukraine weapons supplies to pressure Europeans into Hormuz coalition"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russias-primorsk-oil-terminal-lost-40-storage-drone-attacks-satellite-images-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Vantor satellite: 8 tanks x 50,000m³ at Primorsk damaged, ~40% storage lost"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russian-oil-output-cuts-are-unavoidable-drone-attacks-shrink-exports-sources-say-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Russian oil output cuts 'imminent', 1m bpd export capacity offline, pipeline choked"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/czech-government-cap-fuel-retailers-margins-lower-excise-tax-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Czech fuel price caps from 8 April, diesel excise cut, state reserve release"
  },
  {
   "source": "Leonardo",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.leonardo.com/en/press-release-detail/-/detail/02-04-2026-global-combat-air-programme-agency-places-contract-with-edgewing",
   "context": "GCAP Agency awards £686m to Edgewing (BAE/Leonardo/JAIEC JV), first trilateral contract"
  },
  {
   "source": "Defense News",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2026/04/02/money-starts-flowing-for-new-gcap-fighter-as-britain-sorts-out-finances/",
   "context": "GCAP Edgewing contract is bridge funding; multi-year deal delayed by UK DIP"
  },
  {
   "source": "Breaking Defense",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://breakingdefense.com/2026/04/edgewing-receives-first-gcap-next-gen-fighter-international-contract-to-boost-design-activities/",
   "context": "Edgewing first GCAP international contract, design activities funding"
  },
  {
   "source": "Financial Times",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.ft.com/content/c5b18380-b11d-4e90-af41-e07fa0908e1a",
   "context": "FT: Japanese alarm at UK DIP delays, Canada observer by July, Poland/Saudi interest"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/sweden-buy-air-defence-systems-87-billion-crowns-defence-minister-says-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Sweden SEK 8.7bn air defence/C-UAS orders, Jonson announces"
  },
  {
   "source": "Saab",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.saab.com/newsroom/press-releases/2026/saab-receives-order-for-counter-unmanned-aerial-system-from-sweden",
   "context": "Saab SEK 2.6bn mobile modular C-UAS, deliveries 2027-28"
  },
  {
   "source": "AeroTime",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/sweden-gute-ii-counter-drone-saab-bae-systems-bofors",
   "context": "GUTE II radar+cannon system, BAE Systems Bofors, civilian infrastructure protection"
  },
  {
   "source": "KNDS",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://knds.com/en/press-releases/texelis-defense-becomes-knds-mobility",
   "context": "KNDS completes Texelis Defense acquisition, rebrands as KNDS Mobility"
  },
  {
   "source": "Defence Industry Europe",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://defence-industry.eu/mgi-engineering-conducts-first-flights-of-tigershark-uncrewed-strike-platform-in-partnership-with-auterion/",
   "context": "TigerShark first flights: ~750 km/h, 1000+ km range, 300 kg payload, salvo capable"
  },
  {
   "source": "ESUT",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://esut.de/2026/04/meldungen/69603/tigershark-europaeische-deep-strike-drohne-absolviert-erfolgreiche-erstfluege/",
   "context": "TigerShark first flights coverage (German)"
  },
  {
   "source": "Diehl Defence",
   "date": "2026-03-30",
   "url": "https://new.diehl.com/defence/de/presse-medien/news/startschuss-fuer-die-122-mm-trainingsraketen-produktion-in-deutschland",
   "context": "Diehl: first German 122mm training rocket fired at Altengrabow from MARS 3/EuroPULS"
  },
  {
   "source": "ESUT",
   "date": "2026-03-30",
   "url": "https://esut.de/2026/03/meldungen/69512/122-mm-trainingsrakete-mit-europuls-erfolgreich-verschossen/",
   "context": "Diehl/Elbit 122mm training rocket EuroPULS test (German)"
  },
  {
   "source": "Soldat und Technik",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://soldat-und-technik.de/2026/04/bewaffnung/48108/hirtenberger-csg-49/",
   "context": "CSG acquires 49% of Hirtenberger Defence Systems from 4iG"
  },
  {
   "source": "HENSOLDT",
   "date": "2026-03-31",
   "url": "https://www.hensoldt.net/news/hensoldt-opens-an-innovation-hub-in-ukraine",
   "context": "Hensoldt opens permanent innovation hub in Ukraine for TRML-4D maintenance and R&D"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "2026-04-02",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/russian-nuclear-missile-forces-hold-drills-siberia-2026-04-02/",
   "context": "Russia Yars ICBM field drills in Siberia, camouflage and concealment exercises"
  },
  {
   "source": "The Atlantic",
   "date": "2026-03-27",
   "url": "https://www.theatlantic.com/national-security/2026/03/who-needs-tanks-age-drones/686540/",
   "context": "Papperger 'housewives' interview"
  },
  {
   "source": "United24 Media",
   "date": "2026-03-29",
   "url": "https://united24media.com/latest-news/rheinmetall-backtracks-after-ceo-dismisses-ukraines-drone-industry-as-kitchen-built-17389",
   "context": "Rheinmetall backtracks"
  },
  {
   "source": "Al Arabiya",
   "date": "2026-03-30",
   "url": "https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2026/03/30/turkey-says-nato-defenses-down-fourth-iranian-ballistic-missile-entering-airspace",
   "context": "Fourth NATO missile intercept Turkey"
  },
  {
   "source": "France 24",
   "date": "2026-03-29",
   "url": "https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20260329-unidentified-drones-crash-finland",
   "context": "Finnish drone incident Kouvola"
  },
  {
   "source": "Bloomberg",
   "date": "2026-03-29",
   "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-03-29/finland-warns-drone-activity-to-continue-after-airspace-breaches",
   "context": "Finland drone activity warning"
  },
  {
   "source": "Yle",
   "date": "2026-03-29",
   "url": "https://yle.fi/a/74-20217921",
   "context": "Kouvola drone details Finnish"
  },
  {
   "source": "Nyheter24",
   "date": "2026-03-27",
   "url": "https://nyheter24.se/nyheter/politik/1471046-sverige-starker-forsvaret-mot-hot-fran-rymden",
   "context": "Sweden satellite acceleration"
  },
  {
   "source": "Al Jazeera",
   "date": "2026-03-28",
   "url": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/28/zelenskyy-signs-air-defence-deals-with-uae-qatar-on-gulf-tour",
   "context": "Zelenskyy Gulf defence deals"
  },
  {
   "source": "European Commission",
   "date": "2026-03-30",
   "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_752",
   "context": "EDIP EUR 1.5bn work programme"
  },
  {
   "source": "Airbus",
   "date": "2026-03-30",
   "url": "https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2026-03-successful-first-demo-flight-for-airbus-uncrewed-bird-of-prey-interceptor",
   "context": "Bird of Prey first demo flight"
  },
  {
   "source": "TVP World",
   "date": "2026-03-29",
   "url": "https://tvpworld.com/92356133/game-changing-polish-military-satellite-set-for-space-launch",
   "context": "POLSARI MikroSAR launch"
  },
  {
   "source": "Moscow Times",
   "date": "25 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2026/03/25/ukrainian-drone-strikes-halt-at-least-40-of-russias-oil-export-capacity-reuters-a92339",
   "context": "40% of Russian oil export capacity halted by Ukrainian drone strikes on Baltic ports"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russian-oil-producers-could-declare-force-majeure-over-attacks-baltic-ports-2026-03-27/",
   "context": "Russian oil producers warn of force majeure on Baltic shipments"
  },
  {
   "source": "Euronews",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/03/27/g7-agrees-to-secure-strait-of-hormuz-but-only-after-war-in-iran-ends",
   "context": "G7 Hormuz escort pledge conditional on post-conflict"
  },
  {
   "source": "Reuters",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/pgz-estonias-frankenburg-build-anti-drone-defence-plant-poland-2026-03-27/",
   "context": "PGZ-Frankenburg MARK I anti-drone missile plant in Poland"
  },
  {
   "source": "Polish MoD",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.gov.pl/web/obrona-narodowa/szefowie-obrony-polski-i-estonii-o-bezpieczenstwie-regionu-i-budowaniu-zdolnosci-dronowych",
   "context": "Poland-Estonia defence ministers meeting and industrial cooperation"
  },
  {
   "source": "Rheinmetall",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.rheinmetall.com/en/media/news-watch/news/2026/03/2026-03-27-strategic-partnership-between-rheinmetall-and-indra",
   "context": "Rheinmetall-Indra MoU for Spanish vehicle JV"
  },
  {
   "source": "Heise",
   "date": "26 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.heise.de/en/news/Isar-Aerospace-aborts-second-launch-of-Spectrum-rocket-11225439.html",
   "context": "Isar Aerospace Spectrum second flight scrubbed at T-3"
  },
  {
   "source": "BAE Systems",
   "date": "25 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.baesystems.com/en/article/bae-systems-and-u-s-department-of-war-sign-agreement-to-increase-thaad-seeker-production",
   "context": "BAE THAAD seeker production quadrupled via 7-year deal"
  },
  {
   "source": "Defense News",
   "date": "25 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2026/03/25/turkey-uk-sign-training-and-support-deal-for-multibillion-dollar-eurofighter-order/",
   "context": "Turkey Typhoon training and support contract GBP 2.5bn"
  },
  {
   "source": "DG DEFIS",
   "date": "26 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu115-million-programme-agile-and-rapid-defence-innovation-agile-2026-03-26_en",
   "context": "AGILE EUR 115m fast-track defence innovation instrument"
  },
  {
   "source": "Thales",
   "date": "26 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/news-centre/press-releases/thales-launches-expeditionary-pathmaster-proven-sea-system-boosted-ai",
   "context": "Thales Expeditionary PathMaster AI-enabled MCM system"
  },
  {
   "source": "DG Energy",
   "date": "27 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://energy.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-and-eu-countries-discuss-latest-developments-concerning-energy-security-2026-03-27_en",
   "context": "EU Energy Union Task Force meeting on Hormuz contingency"
  },
  {
   "source": "DG DEFIS",
   "date": "26 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-boosts-space-cooperation-norway-and-iceland-secure-connectivity-agreement-2026-03-26_en",
   "context": "EU-Norway-Iceland IRIS2/GOVSATCOM secure connectivity agreement"
  },
  {
   "source": "BTA",
   "date": "25 Mar 2026",
   "url": "https://www.bta.bg/en/news/bulgaria/1091890-joint-training-mission-to-take-place-in-northeastern-bulgarian-airspace-within-n",
   "context": "NATO Neptune Strike 26-1 exercise in Bulgarian airspace"
  },
  {
   "source": "Ukrainska Pravda",
   "date": "2026-03-23",
   "url": "https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/03/23/8026783/",
   "context": "Germany funds 15,000 STRILA interceptor drones"
  },
  {
   "source": "Interfax-Ukraine",
   "date": "2026-03-23",
   "url": "https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/1153633.html",
   "context": "STRILA drone details"
  }
 ]
}